highly significantp < 0.01
The compounds 3-ethyl-benzaldehyde, 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, 2-propyl-1-heptanol, 2,3-dimethyl-1-butanol, and 2-ethyl-hexanoic acid showed highly significant negative correlations with the heat-sensitive indicators furosine and lactulose when the heat treatment temperature of milk increased ( p < 0.01); a highly significant positive correlation with immunoglobulin G, α-lactoalbumin, and β-lactoglobulin ( p < 0.01); and a significant positive correlation with lactoferrin ( p < 0.05).