Steady-state responses to concurrent melodies: source distribution, top-down, and bottom-up attention.

The difference between TD attend and TD unattend when bottom-up attention was strongly engaged during tone onset was close to significance (10% top-down attentional enhancement; P = 0.065).

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On the contrary, the effect of top-down selective attention on the overlapping-voices ASSR power failed to reach significance, showing that the additional overlapping voice impeded the ability of the ASSR to pick up the attentional enhancement This agrees with our initial hypothesis which predicted that compared to nonoverlapping voices, overlapping-voices would generate ASSRs that are less sensitive to modulation from top-down selective attention, possibly due to weaker signal-to-noise ratios owing to the suppression effect from simultaneous voices.

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