Trends in Individualized Affordability of Factory-Made Cigarettes: Findings of the 2008-2020 International Tobacco Control Netherlands Surveys.

Nicotine Tob Res · 2023 · PMC10032191 · PMID 36410657

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0410

closest p · 0.8× alpha

0.0410

boldest claim

The sentences

an increasing trendp = .041actually significant

Stratified analyses found no linear trend over time among low-educated individuals ( β = 0.000, p = .149), but did find an increasing trend in the RIP for moderate-educated ( β = 0.0004, p = .041) and high-educated ( β = 0.0003, p = .025) individuals.

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

also a decreasing trend in affordability was found for low-educated smokers).

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