Association of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance exposure with fatty liver disease risk in US adults.

1 The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) is rising with an increasing trend for consequent end-stage chronic liver diseases. 2 , 3 In the United States, for example, NAFLD and AFLD are the top contributors to the burden of liver disease mortality. 4 Although excess alcohol intake, obesity, and diabetes are the leading causes of fatty liver disease (FLD), exposure to enviro

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When limiting the analysis to 212 heavy drinkers (≥2 drinks/day for women and ≥3 drinks/day for men), significantly higher risk of alcoholic FLD was found for higher levels of perfluorooctanoic acid (OR SD 1.79; 95% CI 1.07–2.99), PFHxS (OR SD 2.06; 95% CI 1.17–3.65), and perfluoroheptane sulfonic acid (OR SD 1.44; 95% CI 1.00–2.07), and marginally significant higher risk for total PFAS (OR SD 2.12; 95% CI 0.99–4.54).

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