Microbial transmission, colonisation and succession: from pregnancy to infancy.

42 45 Overall, bacteria in the Firmicutes phylum, such as Ruminococcus , Blautia and Eubacterium, are most affected by prepregnancy weight, showing a significantly lower relative abundance in the stools of infants of mothers with OWOB than in the stools of neonates with normal-weight mothers, while Oscillibacter and Clostridiales showed an increasing trend. 15 42 45 Similarly, other bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium and Parabacteroides, have been shown to exhibit differences in the guts of offspring of mothers with OWOB and offspring of normal-weight mothers, leading to abnormal metabolism and an increased risk of disease. 15 42 45 Nevertheless, additional evidence is still required to demonstrate causality between maternal health and the female microbiome before conception.

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