Next-generation effects of fetal and lactational exposure to the neonicotinoid pesticide clothianidin on the immune system and gut microbiota.

2 . In the CLO-65 group compared to the CLO-0 group, the CD68-positive area ratios of F0 generation mice showed a decreasing trend in the thymic cortex ( P =0.055) ( Fig. 3B , Supplementary Fig. 2A ), a significant decrease in the thymic medulla ( P <0.05) ( Fig. 3C , Supplementary Fig. 2A ), and a decreasing trend in the whole thymus ( P =0.057) ( Fig. 3A , Supplementary Fig. 2A ).

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