Vitamin K2 supplementation improves impaired glycemic homeostasis and insulin sensitivity for type 2 diabetes through gut microbiome and fecal metabolites.

Although the genera Barnesiella , Paraprevotella , and Dielma , showed a decreasing trend throughout the study in both the NC and VK groups, the MK-7 intervention significantly delayed the decline of these genera (Fig. 2 D).

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Similar to the previous RCT, several SBAs and SCFAs, such as lithocholic acid, 7-ketolithocholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid showed an increasing trend in the VK group compared with the HF group (Fig. 6 A).

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