Differential nasal swab cytology represents a valuable tool for therapy monitoring but not prediction of therapy response in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps treated with Dupilumab.

Nonetheless, we found highly significant changes in clinical parameters over the course of study visits as well as the cellular pattern in nasal swab cytology even in this limited study cohort underlining the high potential of this technique for a routine clinical use, e.g. for monitoring CRSwNP treatment with biologics and/or choice of therapy.

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