IGFBP3 induced by the TGF-β/EGFRvIII transactivation contributes to the malignant phenotype of glioblastoma.

Subsequently, nuclear proteins were isolated to verify the expression of EGFRvIII and related signaling molecules, indicating an increasing trend of p-EGFRvIII, p-Smad2/3 and p-ERK1/2 along with increasing c-IGFBP3 expression under TGF-β treatment ( Figure 2 B).

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