Epidemiological characteristics and trends of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shanghai, China from 2011 to 2021.

Front Public Health · 2023 · PMC10267978 · PMID 37325298

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

HFMD cases showed a decreasing trend year by year from 2011 to 2021, from 122 cases reported in 2012 to 7 cases in 2020, and 12 cases in 2021.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.