highly significantp < 0.0001
Osmotic stressed and seed priming with chitosan were found to be significant in terms of CGR (crop growth rate) ( p < 0.0461); likewise, the LAR (leaf area ratio) was highly significant ( p < 0.0001), PMC (percent moisture content) shows a high level of significance ( p < 0.001), MET (mean emergence time) showed significant values ( p < 0.0001), SVI (seed vigor index) showed non-significant values ( p < 0.0551), and the values of CVG (coefficient of velocity of germination) and TGI (Timson germination index) showed a significant difference ( p < 0.001). 3.2.