Length-Dependent Transition from Extended to Folded Shapes in Short Oligomers of an Azetidine-Based α-Amino Acid: The Critical Role of NH···N H-Bonds.

Inter-residue H-bonds between non-adjacent backbone amide NH and C=O motifs lead to the well-known secondary structures of helices, turns and sheets, but it is recognized that other H-bonding modes may be significant, including the weak intra-residue H-bond (called a C5 H-bond) that implicates the NH and C=O motifs of the same amino acid residue.

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