The Role of Social Determinants of Health in Cardiovascular Diseases: An Umbrella Review.

J Am Heart Assoc · 2023 · PMC10356094 · PMID 37345825

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42 , 61 , 71 , 77 , 79 , 80 It was associated with higher risk of coronary heart disease, 80 heart failure, 77 myocardial infarction, 61 , 79 cardiomyopathy, 42 stroke (borderline significant), 80 and stroke mortality. 71 Of the 3 reviews that assessed the association between income and composite CVD mortality, 2 reported existence of association, 61 , 80 and the other one 76 found no association.

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