External control arms: COVID-19 reveals the merits of using real world evidence in real-time for clinical and public health investigations.

Front Med (Lausanne) · 2023 · PMC10359981 · PMID 37484840

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

—

closest p

—

boldest claim

The sentences

may not be significantno p-value reported

In a large study, such as a multi-institutional RCT, the variances among institutions may not be significant enough to impact outcomes or compromise statistical significance.

also in 1,027 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.