Analysis of the recent 30-year (1990–2019) database from the Harmful Algae Event Database and Ocean Biodiversity Information System (HAEDAT) shows an increasing trend in all HAB events. 1 However, these trends are not uniformly consistent across regions and may be due in part to increased awareness, monitoring, and reporting. 42 Freshwater HABs and their toxins are transported along a connected network of estuarine and coastal water sources, requiring multiregional assessments and solutions. 43 Predicting how HABs will respond to climate change is challenging as this will vary significantly across species, interactive effects of stressors that impact growth, and adaptation.
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