Does Human Papillomavirus Play a Causative Role in Prostate Cancer? A Systematic Review Using Bradford Hill's Criteria.

Cancers (Basel) · 2023 · PMC10416874 · PMID 37568712

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0500

closest p · 1.0× alpha

0.0500

boldest claim

The sentences

highly significantp < 0.05actually significant

The study reported the relative risk of PCa when seropositive for HPV18 as 2.59 (CI 95% = 1.17–5.75) and found the association between HPV18 and PCa to be highly significant ( p < 0.05) [ 81 ].

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