Global burden of esophageal cancer attributable to smoking: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Front Oncol · 2023 · PMC10446760 · PMID 37621692

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

an increasing trendno p-value reported

The ASMR or ASDR was considered to be in an increasing trend if the EAPC estimation and its lower boundary of 95% CI were both >0 and to be a decreasing trend if the EAPC estimation and its upper boundary of 95% CI were both <0.

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