Trend in global burden attributable to low bone mineral density in different WHO regions: 2000 and beyond, results from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019.

However, the age-standardized rate of DALYs was higher in men compared with women at the three points of time (2000: 231.4 (191.9–269.3) vs 203.0 (164.5–246.9); 2010: 224.4 (183.5–261.6) vs 193.4 (156.2–234.1); 2019: 212.7 (173.1–250.9) vs 197.9 (158.5–242.0) per 100,000) and a decreasing trend (though not significant) in the age-standardized DALY rate was observed at the global level in both sexes (percent change of −5.7%), especially men (−8.1% change).

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The prevalence of osteoporosis in the EMR was 20.5% in men and 24.4% in women and with the highest prevalence observed in Saudi Arabia and showed an increasing trend through 2015, indicating a considerable prevalence, especially in men ( 16 ).

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