Polygenic regression uncovers trait-relevant cellular contexts through pathway activation transformation of single-cell RNA sequencing data.

For example, the lymphocyte count-relevant genes prioritized by scPagwas showed highly significant enrichment in biological processes related to immune response, including T cell activation, adaptive immune response, leukocyte differentiation, and leukocyte cell-cell adhesion, whereas those prioritized by MAGMA lacked enrichment in any functional term (false discovery rate [FDR] < 0.01; Figure 2 B).

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