Burden and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Sub-Saharan African countries, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of disease study 2019.

From 1990 to 2019 the prevalence rate of COPD was stable in Eastern and Western Sub-Saharan Africa, whereas there was a decreasing trend in Southern Sub-Saharan African countries.

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Similarly, there was an increasing trend in COPD attributable to smoking in Sao Tome and Principe where the highest age-standardized COPD prevalence was observed compared to other Sub-Saharan countries.

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