highly significantp < 0.0001
ELISA results showed that the Giardia induced a highly significant increase in the secretion of IL-6, IL-12 p40 and TNF-α compared to the control group (IL-6: ANOVA, F (4, 10) = 1.116, p < 0.0001; IL-12 p40: ANOVA, F (4, 10) = 0.6885, p < 0.0001; TNF-α: ANOVA, F (4, 10) = 1.990, p < 0.0001) (Fig. 2 a–c).