Longitudinal trend of urolithiasis incidence rates among world countries during past decades.

For instance, the estimates for the first cluster (intercept = 2330.26, slope = -128.2) reveal that the initial rate of urolithiasis in the countries including this cluster, Afghanistan, Andorra, and Comoros, has been 2330.26 per 100000 in 1990, and it has a decreasing trend with a slope of -128.2 until 2019, every two years ( P -value < 0.001).

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Results According to the results, all regions had experienced an increasing trend in urolithiasis rate, except for Eastern Europe, Central Europe, and Southeast Asia regions (decreasing rates of -71.4, -56.2, and -9.2 per 100000, respectively).

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