Regarding the primary impact phase, the head acceleration data showed an increasing trend towards higher values with an increasing speed for all four tram types ( Table 2 and Table 3 and Figure 26 ).
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Pedestrian Safety in Frontal Tram Collision, Part 1: Historical Overview and Experimental-Data-Based Biomechanical Study of Head Clashing in Frontal and Side Impacts.
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The results also showed that although a total number of fatalities differed every year with a sharp increase in 2018, the relative number of fatalities indicated a decreasing trend compared to previous years [ 25 ].