a nonsignificant trendp < 0.06
However, the significant finding in Study 1 that mature male dogs walked by a man had higher rates of urination than mature female dogs walked by a man was instead a nonsignificant trend in Study 2 ( p < 0.06), perhaps reflecting smaller sample sizes of mature dogs in Study 2 ( n = 30 males; n = 30 females) than in Study 1 ( n = 36 males; n = 49 females).