Annual report on surveillance for avian influenza in poultry and wild birds in Member States of the European Union in 2022.

EFSA J · 2023 · PMC10719745 · PMID 38099051

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

An increasing trend in the number of PEs sampled for serology was observed between 2017 and 2019 until a plateau of around 24,000 PEs sampled per year was reached for the last 3 years.

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

The A(H5/H7) seropositivity rate in 2022 (0.08%) seems to suggest a decreasing trend over time (0.11% in 2021, 0.21% in 2020) since the HPAI A(H5) outbreaks in 2016 and with the significant exception of 2019.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.