Improvement in gravel-mulched land soil nutrient and bacterial community diversity with <i>Lonicera japonica</i>.

Throughout this paper, probability levels of p < 0.05 and < 0.01 were considered to be statistically significant and highly significant, respectively. 3 Results 3.1 Chemical indicators and enzyme activities With an increase in cultivation years, there was a significant decrease in soil pH, while the other soil characteristics showed an annual increase ( Table 1 ).

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Conversely, the relative abundance of Firmicutes , Proteobacteria , Bacteroidetes , Fusobacteria and Epsilonbacteraeota showed a decreasing trend with increasing of soil parameters except pH.

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