Mapping causal links between prefrontal cortical regions and intra-individual behavioral variability.

Consequence of selective lesions in ACC When a nested ANOVA [Lesion-group (ACC/Control, between-subject factor) × Monkey (10 monkeys, between-subject factor) nested within Lesion-group] was applied to RT-COV in correct (cC) trials in ACC-lesioned and Control monkeys, there was a highly significant effect of Lesion-group (Table 2a ): the RT-COV was significantly smaller in the ACC-lesioned group (Fig. 2a, b ), which was in contrast to the consequence of lesions (larger RT-COV) in the PCC-lesioned monkeys (Fig. 3e ).

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S 1b ), we have mainly considered the conclusion obtained with RT-COV (marginally significant), because both the RT variability and mean RT decreased in this case (see Methods, Data analyses).

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