Synergistic effect of sildenafil combined with controlled hypothermia to alleviate microglial activation after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in rats.

Results A highly significant median (IQR) tissue loss of 10.4% (7.8% to 23.3%) in the ipsilateral hemisphere as compared to the contralateral hemisphere was measured 72h after HI (Fig. 2 A).

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While hypothermia alone and sildenafil alone were associated with no or minimal changes in HI-induced gene expression changes, the combined treatment prevented upregulation of pro-inflammation markers induced by HI, particular Il1b, Nos2, and Cd86, with an additional marginally significant effect on Ptgs2.

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