The Role of Dioxygen in Microbial Bio-Oxygenation: Challenging Biochemistry, Illustrated by a Short History of a Long Misunderstood Enzyme.

Also highly significant is that whereas for some fd-TCMOs a relevant FR is expressed in close proximity on the same operon as the monooxygenase partner, most probably for logistical reasons [ 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ], in other cases [ 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ] the monooxygenase deploys an FMNH 2 cosubstrate generated by one or more distally located ‘housekeeping FRs’ [ 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 ], so called because they characteristically share multiple additional redox roles within the same bacterium, including protection against osmotic [ 78 ] and oxidative stress [ 79 , 80 ].

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