Gut microbiota and metabolic biomarkers in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

48 A study conducted on 107 adolescents revealed a decreasing trend in α-diversity with increasing levels of liver fat. 49 Astbury et al 48 described microbiome differences in 65 patients with biopsy-proven NASH, and confirmed the previous findings that α-diversity was lower in patients with NASH and further decreased in patients with cirrhosis.

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NAFLD poses a significant public health challenge globally and stands as the foremost cause of liver disease, 3 , 4 which is estimated to affect about 25% of adults in Western countries, 5 and the prevalence in Asia is 34%, 6 with an increasing trend.

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