Global burden of head and neck cancers from 1990 to 2019.

Burden trends by gender and SDI From 1990 to 2019, the trends of incidence, death, and DALYs for HNCs were generally consistent across genders in SDI regions, with all showing an increasing trend over the years ( Figures 4 A–4C).

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Conversely, there is a decreasing trend in ASDR and age-standardized DALYs, except in the low-medium or low SDI regions with stable trend ( Figures 2 D–2F).

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