highly significantP < 0.001
A very highly significant CE prevalence of 29.1% was found in goats in Moroto ( χ 2 = 4473.7, P < 0.001) than in Kumi (0.6%), Luwero (0.6%) and Nakasongola (0.2%); similar trends were also observed in sheep (28%) in Moroto district ( χ 2 = 981.4, P < 0.001), Kumi district (2.1%) and none (0%) in both Luwero and Nakasongola districts; and in zebu cattle (31.3%; χ 2 = 631.3, P < 0.001) in Moroto, Kumi (1.8%) and Luwero districts (1.6%) and none in Nakasongola district.