Single and combined exposure to 'bee safe' pesticides alter behaviour and offspring production in a ground-nesting solitary bee (<i>Xenoglossa pruinosa</i>).

Computing simple main effects of pesticide treatments revealed that the mean number of offspring that emerged per nest was significantly lower for bees that were exposed to both pesticides compared to those that were only exposed to either Sivanto ( F 1,6 = 8.208, p = 0.028) or Quadris Top ( F 1,6 = 4.966, p = 0.064; marginal significance; electronic supplementary material, table S6).

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