Global burden of esophageal cancer attributable to high BMI in 204 countries and territories: 1990-2019.

Despite an improved understanding of the pathogenesis of obesity and its associated health complications, BMI has not shown a decreasing trend in recent decades, instead continuing to increase worldwide. 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 Studies show that the age‐standardized incidence of EC varies by region and is decreasing in countries with ESCC as the predominant histological subtype, whereas it is increasing in regions with ECA as the predominant subtype.

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Global EC burden attributable to high BMI by age In 2019, there was a notable trend in the incidence of deaths from EC linked to high BMI, whereby rates initially increased and subsequently decreased with age.

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