Associations of cognitive impairment and longitudinal change in cognitive function with the risk of fatal stroke in middle-aged to older Chinese.

Cognitive impairment was respectively associated with an increased risk of fatal strokes (the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.38, 95% CI1.16–1.64, P < 0.001) and fatal ischaemic stroke (aHR = 1.39, 95% CI1.10–1.77, P = 0.007), compared to median cognition; the Delayed Word Recall Test (DWRT) score was associated with a decreasing trend for the risk of fatal strokes in a restricted cubic spline analysis; the longitudinal DWRT score decline was associated with the increased risks of fatal strokes (aHR = 1.42, 95% CI 1.11–1.82, P = 0.006) and fatal haemorrhagic stroke (aHR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.10–2.78, P = 0.02), compared to the longitudinal DWRT score rise.

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