Variation and interrelationships in the growth, yield, and lodging of oat under different planting densities.

Relationship among planting density, field lodging rate, and yield Analyses of correlations between field lodging rate and agronomic traits, stem mechanical characteristics, biochemical compositions, and yield and its components revealed a highly significant, positive correlation of field lodging rate with plant height, length of the stem internode, and height of center of gravity; a highly significant, negative correlation of field lodging rate with stem wall thickness, root fresh weight, lignin content, crude fiber content, single-plant weight, grain yield, and 1,000-grain weight ( P < 0.01); and a significant negative correlation of field lodging rate with compressive strength and breaking strength of stems ( P < 0.05) ( Fig. 4A ).

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With increasing planting density, the plant height of both LENA and QY2 first showed an increasing trend and then a decreasing trend, and reached maximum plant height at D2, whereas diameter and wall thickness of the second and third stem internodes, and root fresh weight showed a decreasing trend.

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