Preening cups in duck housing are associated with an increase in central dopamine activity that suggests a negative affective state.

Poult Sci · 2024 · PMC11067768 · PMID 38479100

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hedged sentence

0.1000

closest p · 2.0× alpha

0.1000

boldest claim

The sentences

trending toward significanceP ≤ 0.1so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

We used a significance level of P ≤ 0.05 and trending toward significance at a level of 0.05 < P ≤ 0.1.

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