13 , 38 , 39 , 40 Two studies 13 , 38 with a total of 79 participants in each of the intervention and control groups demonstrated highly significant increases in average performance scores 38 and reduced failure to adhere to critical steps. 13 Two studies 39 , 40 with 607 participants in 85 teams in the intervention and 95 teams in control groups demonstrated that using a medical emergency checklist resulted in 9% absolute and 15% relative risk reduction of failure to adhere to guideline-adherent critical process steps.
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