Supplementation of Saussurea costus root alleviates sodium nitrite-induced hepatorenal toxicity by modulating metabolic profile, inflammation, and apoptosis.

found that NaNO2 administration resulted in a highly significant increase in small mothers against expressions of decapentaplegic homlog 2(Smad-2), serine/threonine protein kinase (AKT), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1-) with a simultaneous reduction in BcL-2 expression when compared to control in the hepatic, pulmonary, renal, and cardiac tissues ( Al-Rasheed et al., 2017 ).

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