Clinical application of transcranial neuroendoscopy combined with supraorbital keyhole approach in minimally invasive surgery of the anterior skull base.

However, due to severe atrophy of brain tissue after formalin fixation in autopsy, there may be significant differences in the actual exposure range compared to live anatomy, especially in cases of brain tissue swelling or large intracranial masses after arterial aneurysm hemorrhage, the exposure of the surgical area will be more difficult.

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