Therefore, the collective results of the recent and current studies are highly significant in showing that estrogen, a major component of the hormonal milieu of pregnancy, upregulates VEGF expression and microvascular development within the nonhuman primate fetus, as an essential programming event for the ontogenesis of vascular function and insulin action within target cells after birth in the progeny.
← all excerpts
Estrogen stimulates fetal vascular endothelial growth factor expression and microvascularization.
1
—
—