Transoceanic pathogen transfer in the age of sail and steam.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · 2024 · PMC11287167 · PMID 39012818

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enormously significantno p-value reported

Our analysis confirms longstanding arguments by historians that processes which involved large-scale people-movement—for example war, migration, or the transatlantic slave trade—were enormously significant for global pathogen ecology ( 8 , 9 , 56 , 57 ).

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.