Spatiotemporal variability of hydro-meteorological droughts over the Arabian Peninsula and associated mechanisms.

Although both the SPEI CRU and SPEI ERA suggest an increase in drought frequency over the AP region if only the 1998–2020 period is considered, only the CRU dataset displays an increasing trend of droughts over the AP in this short period.

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However, this is misleading because both SPEI CRU and SPEI ERA exhibited a positive trend if only SP1 was considered; negative trends in the SPEI, indicating intensifying droughts, were only seen in SP2 (Fig. 3 ).

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