An arm swing enhances the proximal-to-distal delay in joint extension during a countermovement jump.

There was also a weak trend in which participants who exhibited 2 fDOF had a higher external vertical impulse than those with only 1 fDOF, and a similar or higher impulse than those requiring 3 fDOF (Table 3 ).

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This can be misleading as true differences in peak timing may still exist due to the prolonged CMJ Arms , while the difference found in the vastus lateralis activation between 38 and 56% of CMJ Arms and CMJ NoArms may not be significant in real time.

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