Optimizing irrigation and nitrogen application strategies to improve sunflower yield and resource use efficiency in a cold and arid oasis region of Northwest China.

Front Plant Sci · 2024 · PMC11392905 · PMID 39280953

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0100

closest p · 0.2× alpha

0.0100

boldest claim

The sentences

highly significantP < 0.01actually significant

Irrigation and N application treatments had a highly significant (P < 0.01) effect on LAI at each growth stage in both 2021 and 2022.

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

In 2021, both WUE and IWUE showed an increasing trend with increasing water deficit.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.