an increasing trendp < 0.001
( 2 ) based on the GBD2019 dataset showed that the variation trend of incidence for birth defects between 1990 and 2019 globally was not statistically significant, but showed an increasing trend in China ( p < 0.001), with an annually percentage changes of 0.26%, and the upward trend was projected to continue between 2020 and 2030.