Maternal gastrointestinal microbiome shapes gut microbial function and resistome of newborns in a cow-to-calf model.

Although previous studies have reported that breastfeeding might be the main way to transmit resistance to offspring [ 50 ], this study showed that before feeding colostrum, the resistance diversity in the meconium of calves was already similar to that of the maternal rumen and feces, and the abundance of ARGs showed an increasing trend, which might be attributed to meconium resistance originating from multiple maternal sites rather than one [ 5 ].

also in 63,971 other papers