Barely Significant
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A systematic review of spatial and temporal epidemiological approaches, focus on lung cancer risk associated with particulate matter.

BMC Public Health · 2024 · PMC11515550 · PMID 39448953

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported
[ 14 ] reported a 3.0 μg/m 3 PM 2.5 exposure between 2000 and 2010, a decreasing trend in Arkansas, USA, and a positive correlation between air pollution and the incidence of LC.

also in 47,180 other papers

an increasing trendno p-value reported
One study revealed an increasing trend in the prevalence of PM10 in males, with a relative risk of 12% for every 1 μg/m 3 increase in PM 10 [ 23 ].

also in 63,971 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.