Affective, semantic, frequency, and descriptive norms for 107 face emojis.

We found highly significant positive correlations for familiarity and valence ( r = .39, p < .001) and for familiarity and clarity ( r = .50, p < .001).

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( 2023 ) revealed an interesting trend: emojis with higher rates of meaning agreement tended to elicit quicker reaction times in a match/mismatch task.

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