With the progression from non-frail to pre-frail, and then to frail, there was an observed trend of lower income, less education, more smokers, and a higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, stroke, and cardiovascular diseases, as well as a higher BMI (all p <0.001).
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A link between systemic low-grade inflammation and frailty in older adults: clinical evidence from a nationwide population-based study.
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